Research protocol: effect of natural S-equol on blood pressure and vascular function- a six-month randomized controlled trial among equol non-producers of postmenopausal women with prehypertension or untreated stage 1 hypertension

Table 1 Baseline characteristics among 292 non-equol producing postmenopausal women with prehypertension

	Non-Equol producers
n	292
Age (y)	57.6 ± 4.6
Menopausal years (y)	8.2 ± 5.3
Age at menarche(y)	13.2 ± 1.8
Ever use of contraceptives (%)	126 (50.6)
Ever use of HRT (%)	38 (15.3)
Dietary intake (from FFQ)
Energy (kcal/d)	2100.7 ± 1018.6
Protein (g/1000 kcal)	55.8 ± 13.2
Total fat (g/1000 kcal)	21.2 ± 6.9
Fiber (g/1000 kcal)	21.0 ± 8.8
Cholesterol (mg/1000 kcal)	146.2 ± 90.1
Isoflavones (mg/1000 kcal)	7.03 ± 7.83
Total PA (MET-min/d)	1445.6 ± 728.2
Occupational PA	586.1 ± 759.5
Housework PA	558.7 ± 459.9
Sports PA	141.0 ± 166.2
Habitual tea drinking (%)	195 (78.6)
Habitual alcohol drinking (%)	18 (7.3)
Habitual coffee drinking (%)	84 (33.9)
Passive smoking (%)	43 (17.4)
Anthropometrics measures, BP and lipids
Body weight (kg)	55.7 ± 9.0
BMI (kg/m²)	23.0 ± 3.2
WHR	0.838 ± 0.050
SBP (mmHg)	135.1 ± 16.6
DBP (mmHg)	83.1 ± 9.6
TG (mmol/L)	1.41 ± 0.79
TC (mmol/L)	5.76 ± 0.90
Hs-CRP (mg/L)	1.90 ± 2.08

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables or number (%) for categorical variables. FFQ indicates food frequency questionnaires; PA indicates physical activity; Habitual drinking means drinking alcohol, tea or coffee more than 1 time per week; METs are multiples of resting metabolic rates and a MET-minute is computed by multiplying the MET score of an activity by the minutes performed. Dietary nutrients intakes were calculated mainly based on the China Food Composition Table 2002 and 2004. SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TG triglycerides, BMI body mass index, WHR waist to hip ratio, Hs-CRP high sensitivity c-reactive protein

ISSN: 2662-7671