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Fig. 5 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Fig. 5

From: Ethanol extract of Pinus koraiensis leaves containing lambertianic acid exerts anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)

Fig. 5

Effects of EPK on serum lipid and cholesterol levels and on hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol. a Triglyceride levels were measured with a triglyceride assay kit (AM157S-K, Asan PharmCo., Seoul, Korea). b Total cholesterol levels were measured by using a total cholesterol assay kit (AM202-K, Asan PharmCo., Seoul, Korea). c The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in serum were measured using the Cobas c 111 analyzer (Roche-Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA). d AI was calculated by employing the following equation: AI = (total cholesterol − HDL cholesterol)/HDL cholesterol. e The levels of triglyceride in liver were measured with the Biochemistry Analyzer. f The levels of total cholesterol in the liver were measured with the Biochemistry Analyzer. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Values with the different superscript letters indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05) between groups by Duncan’s multiple range test. Normal group (N), control group (C)

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