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Table 1 Yoga Self-Efficacy Scale Items

From: Development and Psychometric Properties of the Yoga Self-Efficacy Scale (YSES)

Yoga tool

Item

Body

When I practice yoga…

1. I am able to remain as comfortable as possible while doing movements.

2. I am able to keep my mind focused on movements of my body.

3. I can coordinate the movements of my body with my breath.

4. I am able to move my body smoothly.

5. I am able to maintain a feeling of stability in my body.

Breath

When I practice yoga…

6. I am able to keep my breath smooth and continuous.

7. I am able to remain comfortable while regulating my breath.

8. I am able to focus my mind on my breath.

9. I am able to make my breath longer and deeper without feeling anxious.

Mind

During my yoga practice…

10. If distracted, I can re-focus my mind.

11. (I am confident that I can maintain my attention.)*

12. If asked, I am able to visualize or have an impression of an object in my mind.

13. I am able to remain focused on a meditative object or point.

  1. *Removed after psychometric analysis
  2. Note: All items were rated on a 9-point Likert response scale ranging from 1 = “strongly disagree” to 9 = “strongly agree”