Fig. 2

Inhibition of IL-1β production and its expression by HHS in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The cells were pretreated with various concentrations of HHS for 1 h and then incubated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 24 h. a The amounts of IL-1β were measured in culture media using a commercial ELISA kit. Statistical significance was determined by a one-way ANOVA (*, p < 0.05 vs. untreated control; ^#, p < 0.05 vs. LPS-treated group). b Total cellular proteins (30 μg) were resolved by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, and detected with anti-IL-1β antibody and an ECL detection system. c After LPS treatment for 6 h, total RNA was prepared for RT-PCR analysis of IL-1β gene expression. The amplified PCR products were run in 1 % agarose gel and visualized by EtBr staining. Actin and GAPDH were used as internal controls for the Western blot and RT-PCR assays, respectively