Fig. 2

a-c The effects of the crude methanol seed extract and fraction F3 from T. indica, on lipid peroxidation, measured as MDA levels (a) and 4-HNE adducts abundance (b), and inhibition of ROS production (c) in HepG2 cells. Results for MDA levels were expressed as nmol MDA equivalents/mg of protein while 4-HNE levels were expressed as nmol 4-HNE adducts/mg protein. ROS production was measured using fluorescence multi-detection microplate reader and the results were expressed as Relative Fluorescence Unit (RFU). ^a indicates significant difference from untreated cells (p < 0.05). MDA- malondialdehyde; 4-HNE - 4-hydroxynonenal; ROS- reactive oxygen species