Fig. 4

Effects of TQF (10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) on protein expression of NF-κB, AP-1 (c-Jun) and Nrf2. ^aP < 0.05 compared with carcinogen control; ^bP < 0.05 compared with curcumin. Values expressed as mean ± S.E.M. (group I-VI, n = 10; group VII-IX, n = 5). Values with different superscript letters within the same column are statistically different (P < 0.05). Group: I (vehicle control); II (carcinogen control); III (reference group, 10 mg/kg curcumin); IV (10 mg/kg TQF); V (30 mg/kg TQF); VI (100 mg/kg TQF); VII (treatment control, 10 mg/kg TQF); VIII (treatment control, 30 mg/kg TQF); IX (treatment control, 100 mg/kg TQF)