Fig. 2

Three main constituents of WEP induced HO-1 expression at early time points after UVA irradiation. HO-1 expression level in NB1-RGB cells was evaluated using western blotting 3 h after initiating of UVA irradiation. a 3,5-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-CQA), (b) chlorogenic acid (CGA), (c) 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,4-CQA), and (d) p-coumaric acid (p-CA). Each constituent was applied at 1 or 3 μg/mL. Mean ± SEM (n = 3–4), ^* P < 0.05 vs. vehicle (Tukey’s test)