Latent class analysis suggests four distinct classes of complementary medicine users among women with breast cancer

Strizich, Garrett; Gammon, Marilie D.; Jacobson, Judith S.; Wall, Melanie; Abrahamson, Page; Bradshaw, Patrick T.; Terry, Mary Beth; Teitelbaum, Susan; Neugut, Alfred I.; Greenlee, Heather

doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0937-4

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Table 6 Health behaviors and clinical characteristics by latent class of CAM use (n = 764)^a,b

From: Latent class analysis suggests four distinct classes of complementary medicine users among women with breast cancer

	Total sample		Low-dose supplement users		Vitamin/mineral supplement users		Mind-body medicine users		Multi-modality high-dose users
	n	%^e	n	%^e	n	%^e	n	%^e	n	%^e
Health behaviors
Mammogram
No mammogram in last 5 years	32	4.2	19	5.7	8	2.9	^f	^f	^f	^f
Had mammogram <5 years ago	721	94.4	309	92.2	268	96.1	80	95.2	64	97.0
Cigarette smoking status^c
Never	337	44.1	137	40.9	130	46.6	46	54.8	24	36.4
Current	142	18.6	70	20.9	56	20.1	6	7.1	10	15.2
Former	285	37.3	128	38.2	93	33.3	32	38.1	32	48.5
Alcohol use
Never	258	33.8	120	35.8	86	30.8	32	38.1	20	30.3
Ever	506	66.2	215	64.2	193	69.2	52	61.9	46	69.7
Physical activity since menarche^d
None	185	24.2	110	32.8	51	18.3	18	21.4	6	9.1
0–0.69 h/week	172	22.5	77	23.0	57	20.4	23	27.4	15	22.7
0.70–2.6 h/week	184	24.1	81	24.2	70	25.1	13	15.5	20	30.3
≥ 2.7 h/week	181	23.7	52	15.5	81	29.0	28	33.3	20	30.3
Fruit and vegetable intake^d
0–34 servings per week	475	62.2	238	71.0	159	57.0	42	50.0	36	54.6
≥ 35 servings per week	281	36.8	95	28.4	116	41.6	40	47.6	30	45.5
Clinical characteristics
Stage at diagnosis for first primary
In situ	137	17.9	52	15.5	48	17.2	23	27.4	14	21.2
Invasive	627	82.1	283	84.5	231	82.8	61	72.6	52	78.8
Hormone receptor status for first primary BC
ER- / PR-	99	13.0	43	12.8	37	13.3	35	41.7	5	7.6
ER- / PR+	27	3.5	11	3.3	14	5.0	14	16.7	^f	^f
ER+ / PR-	57	7.5	31	9.3	19	6.8	^f	^f	^f	^f
ER+ / PR+	292	38.2	135	40.3	101	36.2	32	38.1	24	36.4
First course treatment received for first primary BC
Chemotherapy^c	310	40.6	117	34.9	123	44.1	40	47.6	30	45.5
Radiation	464	60.7	206	61.5	180	64.5	42	50.0	36	54.6
Hormonal therapy^c	462	60.5	207	61.8	177	63.4	39	46.4	39	59.1
Serious comorbidities at diagnosis
None	463	60.6	194	57.9	180	64.5	49	58.3	40	60.6
One	218	28.5	101	30.2	74	26.5	25	29.8	18	27.3
Two or more	83	10.9	40	11.9	25	9.0	10	11.9	8	12.1

Abbreviations: BC breast cancer, BMI body mass index, CAM complementary and alternative medicine
^aParticipants assigned to class based on highest posterior class membership probability, as determined through SAS PROC LCA
^bP-values based on Pearson chi-squared tests or analysis of variance (ANOVA)
^cP < 0.05
^dP < 0.001
^eColumn percentages may not add up to 100 due to missing data
^fValues not displayed due to cell sizes < 5

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ISSN: 2662-7671

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