Table 6 Antibacterial activity of leaf, stem and fruit extracts of D. innoxia
Extracts | aDiameter of growth inhibition zone (mm ± SD) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K. pneumoniae | MIC (μg/ml) | S. typhimurium | MIC (μg/ml) | M. luteus | MIC (μg/ml) | S. aureus | MIC (μg/ml) | |
Leaf | ||||||||
Nh | 8.5 ± 0.76d | -- | 10 ± 2.85b | 33.33 | 7 ± 1.84d | -- | 9 ± 1.89c | -- |
C | 10 ± 0.96c | 33.33 | 6.5 ± 1.32b | -- | 9 ± 1.45d | -- | 9 ± 2.31c | -- |
A | 10 ± 0.76c | 33.33 | 7.5 ± 1.33d | -- | 14.5 ± 1.1b | 3.70 | 10 ± 1.63b | 100 |
EthA | 10 ± 0.98c | 100 | 7 ± 1.54d | -- | 12 ± 1.17c | 33.33 | 9 ± 1.78c | -- |
Eth | 12 ± 0.22c | 100 | 8 ± 1.24c | -- | 18 ± 1.34b | 3.70 | 8 ± 1.49d | -- |
EC | 10 ± 0.48c | 100 | 7.5 ± 1.34d | -- | 12 ± 1.22b | 33.33 | 8.5 ± 1.87d | -- |
MC | 7 ± 0.45d | -- | 6 ± 2.21d | -- | 16 ± 1.45b | 3.70 | 6 ± 1.89d | -- |
EthE | 12 ± 0.18b | 33.33 | 7.5 ± 1.76d | -- | 14 ± 1.45c | 33.33 | 7 ± 2.21d | -- |
Meth | 9.5 ± 0.34c | -- | 7 ± 1.32d | -- | 10 ± 1.34c | 100.00 | 8. 5 ± 1.38d | -- |
E | 8 ± 0.67d | -- | 17 ± 1.45d | 11.11 | 13 ± 1.45c | 11.11 | 9.5 ± 1.22b | -- |
M | 7 ± 0.34d | -- | 8 ± 1.24c | -- | 16 ± 1.67b | 3.70 | 7 ± 1.23d | -- |
D | 7 ± 0.56d | -- | 7 ± 1.23d | -- | 14 ± 1.13c | 11.11 | 6 ± 1.43d | -- |
Stem | ||||||||
Nh | -- | -- | 10 ± 1.67c | 33.33 | 8 ± 2.34c | -- | 10 ± 1.83b | 100 |
C | -- | -- | 14 ± 0.88b | 11.11 | 8 ± 1.45c | -- | 9 ± 1.21c | -- |
A | -- | -- | 7 ± 1.21d | -- | 8 ± 2.2b | -- | -- | -- |
EthA | -- | -- | 10 ± 2.67c | 100 | 7 ± 1.22d | -- | -- | -- |
Eth | -- | -- | 7 ± 2.34d | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
EC | -- | -- | 7 ± 1.23d | -- | 13 ± 1.3b | 100 | -- | -- |
MC | 9 ± 1.87c | -- | 9 ± 1.56c | -- | -- | -- | 7 ± 2.21d | -- |
EthE | 8 ± 2.14c | -- | -- | 7 ± 1.45d | -- | -- | -- | |
Meth | -- | -- | -- | 7 ± 0.77d | -- | -- | -- | |
E | -- | -- | 10 ± 2.13c | 100 | 20 ± 1.82c | 3.70 | -- | -- |
M | 9 ± 2.32c | -- | 6 ± 1.43d | -- | 7 ± 1.23d | -- | 8 ± 1.21c | -- |
D | -- | -- | 10 ± 1.56c | 100 | 0 | -- | -- | -- |
Fruit | ||||||||
Nh | -- | -- | 12 ± 1.21b | 100 | 24 ± 1.32b | 3.70 | -- | -- |
C | 8 ± 1.23c | -- | 8 ± 2.45d | -- | 9 ± 1.22c | -- | 9 ± 1.32d | -- |
A | 8 ± 1.45c | -- | 7 ± 1.13d | -- | 8 ± 1.45d | -- | -- | -- |
EthA | -- | -- | 13 ± 2.21b | 33.33 | 10 ± 3.12c | 100 | 10 ± 1.21c | 100 |
EC | -- | -- | 8 ± 1.56d | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
MC | -- | -- | 10 ± 1.56c | 100 | 9 ± 1.82c | -- | -- | -- |
EthE | -- | -- | 11 ± 1.65c | 100 | 8 ± 1.21d | -- | -- | -- |
Meth | 9 ± 1.76c | -- | 10 ± 1.67c | 100 | 8 ± 2.13d | -- | -- | -- |
E | 10 ± 1.12b | 100 | 12 ± 2.21b | 100 | 8 ± 1.23d | -- | 12 ± 1.28b | 33.33 |
M | 7 ± 1.23d | -- | 12 ± 1.54b | 33.33 | 9 ± 1.51b | -- | -- | -- |
D | -- | -- | -- | -- | 10 ± 1.21c | 100 | -- | -- |
DMSO | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
Cefixime | 28 ± 0.07 | 3.33 | 26 ± 0.21 | 3.33 | 18 ± 0.44 | 1.11 | 16 ± 1.22 | 1.11 |