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Table 2 Median BP ± SE (SD)

From: Dark chocolate or tomato extract for prehypertension: a randomised controlled trial

Median SBP ± SE (SD)

  

Phase 1

Phase 2

 

N

Parallel RCT, 3 groups

Crossover of two active groups

Group

wk 0

wk 4

wk 8

washout wk 12

P-value within group over time wk 0–12

Group

wk 16

wk 20

Washout wk 24

P-value within group over time wk 0–24

Chocolate

11

135.0 ± 3.8 (12.5)

136.9 ± 4.3 (14.1)

133.1 ± 3.5 (11.7)

128.6 ± 4.5 (15.0)

.23

Tomato

131.0 ± 4.1 (13.6)

131.2 ± 4.3 (14.2)

127.6 ± 3.9 (13.0)

.57

Tomato

15

128.2 ± 3.0 (11.4)

130.9 ± 4.1 (15.8)

125.7 ± 2.7 (10.6)

129.3 ± 3.0 (11.8)

.82

Chocolate

125.4 ± 2.9 (10.9)

126.8 ± 2.8 (10.3)

124.2 ± 2.2 (8.1)

.79

Control

10

135.7 ± 3.9 (12.4)

134.3 ± 4.8 (15.2)

130.8 ± 5. 8 (18.3)

134.0 ± 3.9 (12.3)

.98

     

Median DBP ± SE (SD)

Chocolate

11

83.6 ± 3.2 (10.6)

83.9 ± 4. 0 (13.4)

84.5 ± 3. 5 (11.6)

80.8 ± 3. 8 (12.5)

.49

Tomato

82.8 ± 2.8 (9.3)

82.6 ± 3. 4 (11.3)

79.7 ± 3.7 (12.3)

.91

Tomato

15

79.1 ± 1. 9 (7.5)

79.0 ± 2.7 (10.4)

77.5 ± 1.9 (7.4)

79.2 ± 2.2 (8.6)

.98

Chocolate

76.4 ± 2.1 (7.7)

77.9 ± 2.2 (8.2)

77.8 ± 1.7 (6.2)

1.0

Control

10

77.8 ± 2.7 (8.6)

76.6 ± 3.0 (9.4)

77.3 ± 3.2 (10.0)

77.3 ± 3.0 (9.4)

.94

     
  1. P-values were calculated using linear mixed model analysis. Between group differences over time (phases 1 and 2) were not significant (P-values not shown).