From: Dark chocolate or tomato extract for prehypertension: a randomised controlled trial
Median SBP ± SE (SD) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | Phase 1 | Phase 2 | ||||||||
 | N | Parallel RCT, 3 groups | Crossover of two active groups | ||||||||
Group | wk 0 | wk 4 | wk 8 | washout wk 12 | P-value within group over time wk 0–12 | Group | wk 16 | wk 20 | Washout wk 24 | P-value within group over time wk 0–24 | |
Chocolate | 11 | 135.0 ± 3.8 (12.5) | 136.9 ± 4.3 (14.1) | 133.1 ± 3.5 (11.7) | 128.6 ± 4.5 (15.0) | .23 | Tomato | 131.0 ± 4.1 (13.6) | 131.2 ± 4.3 (14.2) | 127.6 ± 3.9 (13.0) | .57 |
Tomato | 15 | 128.2 ± 3.0 (11.4) | 130.9 ± 4.1 (15.8) | 125.7 ± 2.7 (10.6) | 129.3 ± 3.0 (11.8) | .82 | Chocolate | 125.4 ± 2.9 (10.9) | 126.8 ± 2.8 (10.3) | 124.2 ± 2.2 (8.1) | .79 |
Control | 10 | 135.7 ± 3.9 (12.4) | 134.3 ± 4.8 (15.2) | 130.8 ± 5. 8 (18.3) | 134.0 ± 3.9 (12.3) | .98 |  |  |  |  |  |
Median DBP ± SE (SD) | |||||||||||
Chocolate | 11 | 83.6 ± 3.2 (10.6) | 83.9 ± 4. 0 (13.4) | 84.5 ± 3. 5 (11.6) | 80.8 ± 3. 8 (12.5) | .49 | Tomato | 82.8 ± 2.8 (9.3) | 82.6 ± 3. 4 (11.3) | 79.7 ± 3.7 (12.3) | .91 |
Tomato | 15 | 79.1 ± 1. 9 (7.5) | 79.0 ± 2.7 (10.4) | 77.5 ± 1.9 (7.4) | 79.2 ± 2.2 (8.6) | .98 | Chocolate | 76.4 ± 2.1 (7.7) | 77.9 ± 2.2 (8.2) | 77.8 ± 1.7 (6.2) | 1.0 |
Control | 10 | 77.8 ± 2.7 (8.6) | 76.6 ± 3.0 (9.4) | 77.3 ± 3.2 (10.0) | 77.3 ± 3.0 (9.4) | .94 |  |  |  |  |  |