Table 1 Subject characteristics according to assigned treatment group
Randomized Treatment Group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sham Manipulation | Real Manipulation | ||||
Placebo Echinacea | Real Echinacea | Placebo Echinacea | Real Echinacea | Total Sample | |
Characteristic | % | % | % | % | % |
Age, years (median ± SD) | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.7 |
Ethnicity | |||||
White, non Hispanic | 45% | 41% | 42% | 50% | 44% |
Hispanic | 41 | 41 | 38 | 36 | 39 |
Native American | 9 | 14 | 4 | - | 7 |
Black, non Hispanic | 5 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 6 |
Asian | - | - | 8 | 5 | 3 |
Other | - | - | 4 | - | 1 |
Male gender | 68 | 59 | 50 | 50 | 57 |
Breastfed ≥ 6 mo. | 27 | 23 | 29 | 32 | 28 |
Sibling(s) in home | 64 | 68 | 54 | 50 | 59 |
AOM ≥ 5× in past year | 32 | 64 | 30 | 23 | 37 |
Daycare attendance | 41 | 64 | 58 | 64 | 57 |
Cigarette smoke exposure | 23 | 18 | 25 | 14 | 20 |
Total number in group | N = 22 | N = 22 | N = 24 | N = 22 | N = 90 |