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Table 2 Experiment A: Carrageenan edema and oral administration

From: Rat models of acute inflammation: a randomized controlled study on the effects of homeopathic remedies

Drug

Paw volume increase over time (ml ± SD) and effect (% of negative control)

 

1 hr

 

3 hr

 

5 hr

 

7 hr

 

Saline

0.57 ± 0.14

 

0.98 ± 0.13

 

0.93 ± 0.14

 

0.79 ± 0.14

 

Arnica D4

0.46 ± 0.12

-18

0.98 ± 0.14

0

0.85 ± 0.12

-8

0.72 ± 0.11

-9

Apis D4

0.42 ± 0.12

-26

0.90 ± 0.15

-8

0.77 ± 0.14

-17

0.65 ± 0.15

-18

Atropa D4

0.44 ± 0.09

-22

0.94 ± 0.16

-4

0.80 ± 0.18

-14

0.73 ± 0.17

-7

Hamamelis D4

0.49 ± 0.11

-14

0.88 ± 0.14

-10

0.78 ± 0.17

-16

0.68 ± 0.14

-14

Lachesis D6

0.41 ± 0.10

-28

0.87 ± 0.18

-11

0.81 ± 0.17

-12

0.62 ± 0.18

-21

Phosphorus D6

0.41 ± 0.13

-28

0.86 ± 0.14

-12

0.78 ± 0.13

-16

0.65 ± 0.11

-18

Indomethacin i.m.

0.38 ± 0.14

-34

0.63 ± 0.18

-36

0.59 ± 0.18

-36

0.49 ± 0.18

-38

  1. ANOVA results. Treatment: F(7,136) = 8.38, p < 0.0001; Time: F(3,408) = 674.23, p < 0.0001; Treatment × time: F(21,408) = 3.65, p < 0.0001.
  2. Bold characters denote significant comparisons (by Student t test) vs. Saline group corresponding for time since edema induction.