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Table 3 Phytotoxic effect of the crude extract, subsequent fractions and crude saponins of P. hydropiper against radish seeds

From: Heavy metals analysis, phytochemical, phytotoxic and anthelmintic investigations of crude methanolic extract, subsequent fractions and crude saponins from Polygonum hydropiper L

Samples

Conc. mg/ml

Average root length (mm) mean ± SEM

Average no of seeds inhibited mean ± SEM

Root length inhibition % mean ± SEM

IC50μg/ml

Seeds inhibition % mean ± SEM

IC50μg/ml

Ph.Cr

1000

5.13 ± 0.20

17.00 ± 0.58

82.38 ± 0.68***

16

68.00 ± 2.8***

310

 

500

6.87 ± 0.26

14.66 ± 0.89

76.41 ± 0.89***

 

58.64 ± 3.5***

 
 

250

8.23 ± 0.20

11.33 ± 0.89

71.74 ± 0.68***

 

45.32 ± 2.8***

 

Ph.Hex

1000

5.33 ± 0.49

19.33 ± 0.33

82.70 ± 1.6***

 

77.32 ± 1.3***

 
 

500

5.03 ± 0.23

17.33 ± 0.67

81.73 ± 0.78***

124

69.32 ± 2.7***

215

 

250

12.03 ± 0.48

12.33 ± 0.67

58.70 ± 1.60***

 

49.32 ± 2.7***

 

Ph.Chf

1000

3.9 ± 0.52

21.67 ± 0.89

86.61 ± 1.70***

 

86.68 ± 3.5***

 
 

500

8.4 ± 0.33

19.00 ± 1.15

71.16 ± 1.10***

145

76.00 ± 4.6***

35

 

250

11.3 ± 0.43

18.00 ± 0.00

61.20 ± 1.40***

 

72.00 ± 0.0***

 

Ph.EtAc

1000

2.23 ± 0.40

22.33 ± 1.20

92.34 ± 1.30ns

 

89.32 ± 4.8***

 
 

500

4.9 ± 0.43

21.66 ± 1.20

83.17 ± 1.40***

11

85.32 ± 4.8 ns

50

 

250

5.9 ± 0.20

17.67 ± 0.89

79.74 ± 0.68*

 

70.68 ± 3.5***

 

Ph.Bt

1000

4.0 ± 0.37

21.33 ± 0.89

86.26 ± 1.25***

 

85.32 ± 3.5***

 
 

500

5.93 ± 0.49

18.00 ± 0.58

79.64 ± 1.60***

8

72.00 ± 0.0***

100

 

250

7.03 ± 0.23

16.00 ± 0.00

75.86 ± 0.78***

 

64.00 ± 0.0***

 

Ph.Aq

1000

6.2 ± 0.23

18.33 ± 0.89

78.71 ± 0.78***

 

73.32 ± 3.5***

 
 

500

8.8 ± 0.37

12.67 ± 0.89

69.79 ± 1.20***

170

50.68 ± 3.5***

485

 

250

12.9 ± 0.48

07.00 ± 1.15

55.71 ± 1.60***

 

28.00 ± 4.6***

 

Ph.Sp

1000

5.00 ± 0.50

22. 00 ± 1.10

91.90 ± 0.75 ns

 

89.25 ± 2.2***

 
 

500

7.25 ± 0.20

19.00 ± 1.50

82.10 ± 1.50***

10

77.25 ± 1.0***

60

 

250

8.50 ± 0.58

17.00 ± 0.89

79.74 ± 0.68*

 

70.68 ± 1.5***

 

Positive control

1000

1.93 ± 0.49

24.67 ± 0.89

93.64 ± 1.60

 

98.61 ± 1.70

 
 

500

3.03 ± 0.23

22.16 ± 1.10

89.20 ± 1.40

0.89

88.22 ± 0.23

0.89

 

250

5.71 ± 0.78

21.90 ± 0.52

83.33 ± 1.20

 

87.93 ± 0.49

 

Negative control

———

29.13 ± 0.37

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  1. Standard drug (P. Control) Paraquat IC50 = 0.89 μg/ml. Results expressed as average seeds inhibition, % inhibition and Inhibition of root length (mean ± SEM n = 3) and IC50. Values significantly different as compare to Standard drug; *P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001.