Amelioration of lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury by aqueous rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) extract via inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress

Table 5 The effect of rooibos supplementation on antioxidant enzymes activity and glutathione redox status in the blood and liver of all experimental rats

Tissue	Parameter	Control	LPS	Rooibos	Rooibos + LPS
Blood	CAT	0.21 ± 0.05	0.22 ± 0.02	0.27 ± 0.04	0.20 ± 0.04
	SOD	22.35 ± 3.82	22.25 ± 3.25	25.46 ± 3.30	19.24 ± 1.72
	GR	0.15 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.04^*	0.15 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.05^##
	GPx	0.18 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.02^*	0.23 ± 0.03	0.16 ± 0.03^##
	GSH	906.11 ± 173.54	596.04 ± 135.59^*	905.09 ± 135.20	862.60 ± 112.25^#
	GSSG	173.47 ± 34.25	205.29 ± 8.69^*	185.45 ± 35.99	202.92 ± 17.52
	GSH:GSSG	4.76 ± 1.22	2.90 ± 0.65^*	5.18 ± 1.86	4.27 ± 0.59^#
Liver	CAT	0.11 ± 0.01	0.23 ± 0.03^*	0.11 ± 0.03	0.16 ± 0.03^#
	SOD	55.01 ± 5.27	42.06 ± 6.26^*	61.50 ± 3.85	57.62 ± 6.92^#
	GR	3.99 ± 1.12	2.69 ± 0.62	3.80 ± 0.80	3.37 ± 0.79
	GPx	0.16 ± 0.02	0.12 ± 0.02^*	0.16 ± 0.01	0.15 ± 0.01^#
	GSH	6.38 ± 0.58	6.37 ± 0.83	7.29 ± 0.96	7.41 ± 0.75
	GSSG	0.32 ± 0.10	0.46 ± 0.09^*	0.28 ± 0.04	0.35 ± 0.08^#
	GSH:GSSG	21.42 ± 6.32	13.64 ± 2.39^*	25.64 ± 4.66	21.98 ± 5.34^#

Values in columns are mean ± SD (n = 9-10). *Significantly different from control (P < 0.05). ^#Significantly different from LPS (p < 0.05). ^##Marginally different from LPS (p < 0.1). CAT (catalase, μmole H₂O₂ consumed/min/μg protein), GR (glutathione reductase, μmole NADPH oxidized/min/μg protein), SOD (superoxide dismutase, U/mg protein), GPx (glutathione peroxidase, nmole NADPH oxidized/min/μg protein). GSH (reduced glutathione, μmole/L in blood, μmole/g tissue in liver), GSSG (oxidized glutathione, μmole/L in blood, μmole/g tissue in liver), LPS (lipopolysaccharide).

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