Figure 4

Rikkunshito promotes catecholamine release from PC12 cells. Norepinephrine (A) and dopamine (B) were measured in the culture medium of PC12 cells treated with forskolin alone or in combination with rikkunshito, TPA, or IBMX for 3 h. Data points of 0% rikkunshito, 100 nM TPA, and 0.5 mM IBMX are shown in the insets. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of triplicate independent experiments. *, p < 0.05 vs. 0% rikkunshito at each forskolin concentration tested, two-tailed Student’s t-test.