Table 4 Chemical composition of essential oil (hexane extract) from roots/rhizomes of C. Articulatus

Camphenol, 6-

4.4913

Monoterpene alcohol

Bicyclo[3.1.1 ]heptan-3-ol, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-, [1S-(1 à,3à,5à)]-

4.7638

-do-

Bicyclo[3.1.1 ]hept-3-en-2-ol, 4,6,6-trimethyl-, [1S-(1 à,2a,5à)]-

4.8523

-do-

Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol, 4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, [1.S-(1 à,3a,5à)]-

4.9535

-do-

(−)-Myrtenol

5.8193

-do-

Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-en-2-one, 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-

6.0775

Monoterpene ketone

Bicyclo[3.1.1 ]hept-3-en-2-one, 4,6,6-trimethyl-,(1S)-

6.0815

-do-

3,5-Heptadienal, 2-ethylidene-6-methyl-

6.2340

Monoterpene aldehyde

Bicyclo[4.4.0]dec-2-ene-4-01, 2-methyl-9-(prop-1-en-3-01-2-yl)-

15.8243

Sesquiterpenes

Isolongifolene, 9,10-dehydro-

9.0658

Hydroxy compound

Copaene

9.2450

α-Cubebene

9.3067

Cadina-1 (10),6,8-triene

9.3247

7-Tetracyclo[6.2.1.0(3.8)O(3.9)]undecanol, 4,4,11,11-tetramethyl-

11.0275

Sesquiterpene alcohol

Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-7 -methyl-4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1à,4aà,8aà)-

11.1640

Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 ,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-, (1S-cis)-

11.2919

(+)-Epi-bicyclosesquipheliandrene

11.5152

2,3,4-Trifluorobenzoic acid, 4-nitrophenyl ester

11.6408

7-Tetracyclo[6.2.1.0(3.8)0(3.9)]undecanol, 4,4,11,11-tetramethyl-

11.7243

Sesquiterpene alcohol

2-Naphthalenemethanol, 1,2,3,4,4a ,8a-hexahydro-à, à,4a, 8-tetramethyl-, [2R-(2à,4aà,8aà)]-

11.7325

-do-

Cycloisolongifolene, 8,9-dehydro-

12.2912

Caryophyllene oxide

13.2509

Sesquiterpene oxide

Longipinocarvone

13.7303

3-lsopropyl-6, 7-dimethyltricycio[4.4.0.0(2,8)]decane-9, 1O-diol

13.7752

Sesquiterpene alcohol

Compound (Chemical name)

Retention time (RT) min

 Nature of compound

Sesquiterpenes (cont’d)

cis-Z-α-Bisabolene epoxide

14.0907

Sesquiterpene epoxide

Longiverbenone

14.9277

2,2,7,7 -Tetramethyltricyclo[6.2.1.0(1 ,6)]undec-4-en-3-one

15.6833

Sesquiterpene ketone

Acetic acid, 3-hyd roxy-6-isopropenyl-4, 8a-dimethyl-1 ,2,3,5,6,7,8, 8aoctahydronaphthalen-2-yl ester

15.7474

Sesquiterpene ester

5( 1H)-Azulenone, 2,4,6,7,8, 8a-hexahydro-3, 8-dimethyl-4-( 1-methylethylidene)-, (8S-cis)-

15.7488

Perhydrocyclopropa[e]azulene-4,5,6-triol, 1,1 ,4,6-tetramethyl

15.8186

1 H-Cycloprop[e]azulen-7 -01, decahydro-1 ,1,7 -trimethyl-4-methylene-, [1ar-(1 aà,4aà,7a,7aa,7bà)]-

15.8686

(−)-Spathulenol

15.8706

Sesquiterpene alcohol

Corymbolone

15.9639

Sesquiterpene ketoalcohol

Spiro[4.5]decan-7 -one, 1,8-dimethyl-8,9-epoxy-4-isopropyl-

16.1027

Sesquiterpene ketone

9H-Cycioisolongifolene, 8-oxo-

16.2514

2( 1H) Naphthalenone, 3,5,6,7,8, 8a-hexahyd ro-4, 8adimethyl-6-( 1-methylethenyl)-

16.2630

Sesquiterpene ketone

E-15-Heptadecenal

16.4377

Sesquiterpene aldehyde

6-lsopropenyl-4,8a-dimethyl-1 ,2,3,5,6,7,8,8aoctahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol

16.4982

Sesquiterpene alcohol

2( 1H)-Naphthalenone, 4a,5,6, 7, 8,8a-hexahydro-6-[1-(hydroxymethyl)ethenyl]-4,8adimethyl-, [4ar-(4aà,6à,8aà)]-

18.5973

Sesquiterpene ketone

1-Naphthalenol, decahydro-1 ,4a-dimethyl-7 -( 1-methylethylidene )-, [1 R-( 1à,4aa,8aà)]-

27.1088

Sesquiterpene alcohol

Triterpenes

Cyclodecasiloxane, eicosamethyl-

22.6754

Polyterpenes

Tetracosamethyl-cyclododecasiloxane

28.8145

Compound (Chemical name)

Retention time (RT) min

 Nature of compound

Hydrocarbons

2,6-Dimethyl-1 ,3,5,7-octatetraene, E, E-

3.0988

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

Benzene, 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)-

3.1698

Aromatic hydrocarbon

1 H-Cycloprop[e]azulene, 1a,2,3,4,4a,5,6, 7boctahydro-1 ,1,4,7 -tetramethyl-, [1aR-(1aà,4à,4aa, 7bà)]-

9.7772

-do-

3H-3a, 7-Methanoazulene, 2,4,5,6,7 ,8-hexahydro-1,4,9,9-tetramethyl-, [3aR-(3aà,4a,7à)]-

9.8550

-do-

Benzene, 1-(1 ,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl-

10.1253

-do-

Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1 ,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl)-,(R)-

10.3648

-do-

Azulene, 1,2,3,5,6,7 ,8,8a-octahydro-1 ,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [1 S-(1 à,7à,8aa)]-

10.8948

-do-

α-Calacorene

12.4888

Octacosane

29.3625

Fatty acids

Oodecanoic acid

14.0232

n-Hexadecanoic acid

19.4351

Palmitic acid

9, 12-0ctadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-

21.5769

Linoleic acid

cis-13-0ctadecenoic acid

21.6267

9,12, 15-0ctadecatrienoic acid, (Z, Z, Z)-

21.6321

cis-13-0ctadecenoic acid

21.6355

Octadecanoic acid

21.7428

Eicosanoic acid

23.8517

Esters

Isophthalic acid, di(2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl) ester

11.5878

Myrtenyl acetate

23.3973

Trichloroacetic acid, hexadecyl ester

24.0485

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

25.8520

Oodecanoic acid, dodecyl ester

26.0201

(−)-trans-Pinocarvyl acetate

27.9163

Oodecanoic acid, tetradecyl ester

28.0778

Oodecanoic acid, hexadecyl ester

30.1824