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Table 3 Results lymphoedema and tissue induration

From: Yoga management of breast cancer-related lymphoedema: a randomised controlled pilot-trial

 

Group mean ± SD b-8

Between group changes 0-8

  

Group mean ± SD 8b-12

Between group changes 8b-12

 

Variable Gp(n)

Week 0 M ± SD

Week 8 M ± SD

∆int-∆con 0–8 MD; (95% Cl)

P(0–8)

Variable Gp(n)

Week 8b M ± SD

Week 12 m ± SD

∆int-∆con 8b-12 MD; (95% CI)

P(8b-12)

Lymphoedema L-dex (BIS)

Con (11)

6.49 ± 14.14

7.66 ± 12.64

-1.03; (-4.17 to 2.10)

0.519

Con(10)

8.68 ± 12.83

7.83 ± 13.59

2.57; (-1.04 to 6.18)

0.163

Int(12)

5.89 ± 9.07

6.03 ± 8.24

Int(9)

4.96 ± 6.40

6.67 ± 7.08

 

Arm volume

Con(11)

59.89 ± 78.53

60.75 ± 80.69

-30.28; (-69.33 to 8.78)

0.129

Con(10)

67.65 ± 82.39

58.17 ± 100.42

35.20; (3.09 to 67.32)

0.032

Int(12)

101.45 ± 75.08

72.03 ± 80.77

Int(9)

60.82 ± 82.84

86.53 ± 78.29

 

Tissue induration (Tonometry) Forearm affected

Con(11)

13.96 ± 3.82

14.06 ± 4.80

0-1.89; (-4.88 to 1.16)

0.227

Con(10)

13.65 ± 4.85

12.45 ± 4.36

-0.43; (-2.77 to 1.92)

0.42

Int(12)

15.78 ± 4.79

14.02 ± 3.59

Int(9)

13.87 ± 3.68

12.26 ± 2.41

Forearm non-affected

Con(11)

15.61 ± 4.17

15.81 ± 5.20

-140; (-4.59 to 1.78)

0.387

Con(10)

15.37 ± 5.27

12.66 ± 4.00

0.10; (-3.09 to 3.30)

0.95

Int(12)

15.92 ± 5.51

14.72 ± 5.42

 

Int(9)

14.68 ± 6.23

12.07 ± 4028

Upper arm affected

Con(11)

10.66 ± 5.57

12.54 ± 5.91

-3.20; (-641 to 0)

0.050

Con(9)

12.08 ± 6.02

8.92 ± 5.19

0.95; (-1.40 to 3.30)

0.43

Int(12)

11.10 ± 6.09

9.77 ± 3.33

Int(9)

9.63 ± 3.53

7.42 ± 4.39

Upper arm non-affected

Con(10)

10.14 ± 4.42

12.05 ± 6026

-2.88; (-5.82 to 0.06)

0.055

Con(10)

11.46 ± 6.34

7.97 ± 5.18

0.53; (-1.98 to 3.03)

0.68

Int(12)

9.88 ± 4.09

8.91 ± 3.621

Int(9)

8.17 ± 3.54

5.21 ± 3.10

Chest affected

Con(11)

6.78 ± 2.39

5.53 ± 3.41

-0.36; (-2.63 to 1.91)

0.758

Cont(10Int(9)

5.22 ± 3.43

5.76 ± 1.50

-0.60; (-2.94 to 1.73)

0.61

Int(12)

6.34 ± 2.01

4.73 ± 1.75

 

4.23 ± 1.14

4.17 ± 1.09

Chest non-affected

Con(11)

5.59 ± 1.84

4.76 ± 2.65

-0.34; (-2.85 to 2.17)

0.878†

Con(10)

4.70 ± 2.79

6.18 ± 5.00

-1.22; (-5.33 to 2.90)

0.56

Int(12)

6.06 ± 1.87

4.90 ± 1.97

Int(9)

4.98 ± 2.23

5.25 ± 1.60

Upper back affected

Con(11)

16.17 ± 2.39

16.76 ± 4.32

0.19; (-3.77 to 4.16)

0.924

Con(10)

16.48 ± 4.45

13.21 ± 5.06

1.10; (-1.51 to 3.70)

0.41

Int(12)

16.06 ± 4.18

16.84 ± 4.82

Int(9)

15.81 ± 4.28

13.63 ± 2.930

Upper back non-affected

Con(11)

14.32 ± 3.87

15.13 ± 5.54

-1.42; (-4.85 to 2.02)

0.419

Con(10)

15.04 ± 5.79

14.43 ± 4.32

-0.48; (-3.90 to 2.95)

0.78

Int(12)

15.55 ± 4.21

15.05 ± 4.86

Int(9)

14.66 ± 5.33

13.58 ± 3.83

  1. ∆ = change; Gp = Group; M ± SD = Mean ± Standard Deviation; MD = Mean Difference; CI = Confidence Interval.
  2. n = number.
  3. Con = control group; Int = intervention group.
  4. † = non-parametic analysis; b = week 0.