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Table 3 Effects of yoga intervention on OA related symptoms at different time points (N = 36)

From: Yoga for managing knee osteoarthritis in older women: a pilot randomized controlled trial

 

Time 1 (T1) 4 weeks

Time 2 (T2) 8 weeks

Time 3 (T3) 20 weeks

p-value1T1 vs. T2

p-value1T1 vs. T3

p-value1T2 vs. T3

WOMAC

      

Pain

7.0 (.49)

5.9 (.50)

5.4 (.50)

.04

.01

.38

Stiffness

3.8 (.22)

3.6 (.22)

3.4 (.22)

.47

.14

.31

Function

24.4 (1.6)

21.4 (1.7)

19.8 (1.7)

.06

.008

.31

Total

35.3 (2.1)

30.9 (2.2)

28.5 (2.2)

.046

.007

.27

Use pain meds

.64 (.13)

.76 (.13)

.79 (.13)

.47

.35

.86

SPPB

      

Repeated chair stands

2.5 (.19)

2.8 (.19)

2.8 (.19)

.08

.16

.98

Balance

3.7 (.09)

3.9 (.09)

3.7 (.09)

.13

.78

.20

Walk

3.4 (.11)

3.6 (.11)

3.4 (.11)

.03

.58

.11

Global

9.6 (.29)

10.2 (.29)

9.9 (.29)

.007

.34

.10

PSQI

      

PSQI total

5.5 (.31)

5.1 (.32)

6.8 (.32)

.28

<.001

<.001

Sleep quality

.87 (.10)

.70 (.10)

.73 (.10)

.08

.12

.77

Sleep efficiency

.54 (.13)

.39 (.13)

.42 (.13)

.20

.33

.81

Sleep disturbance

1.6 (.08)

1.4 (.09)

1.3 (.09)

.11

.01

.53

Sleep latency

.92 (.11)

.88 (.11)

.88 (.11)

.73

.74

.99

Sleep duration

.41 (.08)

.23 (.09)

.35 (.08)

.15

.33

.34

SF-12

      

PCS

37.4 (.77)

37.4 (.78)

37.7 (.78)

.94

.75

.70

MCS

50.0 (.82)

51.2 (.83)

50.5 (.84)

.23

.63

.52

Cantril Ladder

      

Current

6.9 (.24)

7.4 (.24)

7.3 (.24)

.045

.19

.58

In 5 years

7.3 (.21)

7.3 (.21)

7.2 (.21)

.92

.61

.52

  1. Adjusted Means (SE).
  2. 1Repeated measures ANOVA with overall alpha controlled by use of Tukeys LSD for multiple comparisons. WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; SPPB = Short Physical Performance Battery; PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; SF-12 = Health related Short Form 12; PCS = physical component summary; MCS = mental component summary; Cantril Ladder (quality of life scale).