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Table 1 Relative percentages of constituents of essential oils from fruits of X. aethiopica , X. parviflora and M. myristica

From: Composition and cytotoxic activity of essential oils from Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich, Xylopia parviflora (A. Rich) Benth.) and Monodora myristica (Gaertn) growing in Chad and Cameroon

Components

X. aethiopica

X. parviflora

M. myristica

Identification methods

LRI

 

Chad

CMR

Chad

CMR

Chad

CMR

 

Monoterpenes

85.7

86.4

75.9

75.0

94.2

88.4

 

Monoterpenes hydrocarbons

72.4

64.8

58.5

60.7

87.8

82.3

 

926

α-thujene

1.3

1.0

-

-

2.4

1.4

LRI. GCMS

931

α-pinene

8.3

10.8

11.1

10.8

6.7

4.2

LRI. GCMS

971

sabinene

14.5

4.8

3.2

3.0

0.3

0.1

LRI. GCMS

977

β-pinene

24.6

28.2

35.7

32.9

0.5

0.3

LRI. GCMS

985

myrcene

0.3

0.3

-

-

5.1

3.8

LRI. GCMS

1002

α-phellandrene

0.6

0.5

-

-

52.7

67.1

LRI. GCMS

1014

α-terpinene

2.8

3.4

-

-

0.2

0.1

LRI. GCMS

1022

p-cymene

0.6

0.8

1.2

2.8

tr

tr

LRI. GCMS

1028

limonene

1.7

0.4

0.3

0.5

14.9

1.8

LRI. GCMS

1029

β-phellandrene

10.4

5.8

0.6

0.7

4.2

3.0

LRI. GCMS

1030

1,8-cineole

-

-

1.0

2.0

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1032

(Z)-β-ocimene

1.1

1.3

tr

Tr

0.3

0.3

LRI. GCMS

1042

(E)-β-ocimene

0.2

1.3

5.4

8.0

0.1

0.2

LRI. GCMS

1055

γ-terpinene

4.9

5.7

-

-

0.4

tr

LRI. GCMS

1085

terpinolene

1.1

1.5

-

-

tr

tr

LRI. GCMS

Oxygenated monoterpenes

13.3

21.6

17.4

14.3

6.4

3.4

 

1095

trans-sabinene hydrate

0.4

0.3

-

-

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1096

linalool

-

-

0.6

0.7

2.4

2.1

LRI. GCMS

1119

cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol

0.3

0.3

-

-

0.2

tr

LRI. GCMS

1136

trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol

-

-

-

-

0.1

tr

LRI. GCMS

1138

trans- pinocarveol

0.6

0.9

4.0

3.2

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1144

trans-verbenol

-

-

0.7

0.4

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1163

pinocarvone

-

-

1.2

0.7

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1166

borneol

-

-

0.6

0.6

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1178

terpinen-4-ol

10.0

15.1

0.8

0.7

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1187

p-cymen-8-ol

-

-

1.0

0.7

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1189

α-terpineol

1.6

3.6

1.4

1.7

0.5

0.6

LRI. GCMS

1193

myrtenol

-

-

6.5

5.2

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1195

mytenal

0.4

1.4

-

-

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1195

trans-thujen-3-ol

-

-

-

-

2.8

0.7

LRI. GCMS

1234

cis-thujen-3-ol

-

-

-

-

0.1

-

LRI. GCMS

1285

bornyl acetate

-

-

0.6

0.4

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1295

thymol

-

-

-

-

0.3

-

LRI. GCMS

Sesquiterpenes

12.6

11.6

23.1

23.6

3.3

11.2

 

Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons

12.0

10.2

10.3

10.3

1.9

6.7

 

1337

δ-elemene

0.9

0.8

tr

Tr

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1340

α-cubebene

0.2

0.4

tr

Tr

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1369

α-ylangene

0.8

0.4

0.4

0.6

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1377

α-copaene

tr

tr

0.4

0.5

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1391

β-elemene

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.4

0.1

0.1

LRI. GCMS

1422

β-caryophyllene

0.3

tr

tr

Tr

0.2

0.3

LRI. GCMS

1435

β-copaene

-

-

1.4

1.1

-

-

 

1450

α-humulene

0.2

0.8

-

-

0.1

0.3

LRI. GCMS

1478

γ-muurolene

0.4

1.1

0.3

0.5

0.1

0.4

LRI. GCMS

1485

germacrene D

7.2

5.1

1.3

2.0

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1493

trans-muurola-4(14),5-diène

-

-

1.6

1.8

0.4

0.3

LRI. GCMS

1499

bicyclogermacrene

0.5

0.3

-

-

0.1

-

LRI. GCMS

1502

α-muurolene

-

-

0.7

0.8

0.1

0.4

LRI. GCMS

1515

γ-cadinene

-

-

-

-

0.1

1.7

LRI. GCMS

1523

δ-cadinene

0.7

0.3

3.6

3.7

0.7

3.2

LRI. GCMS

1561

germacrene B

0.4

0.5

-

-

-

-

LRI. GCMS

Oxygenated sesquiterpenes

0.6

1.4

12.8

13.3

1.4

4.5

 

1518

cubebol

-

-

1.5

1.7

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1548

elemol

-

-

1.5

2.0

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1578

germacrene D-4-ol

-

-

-

-

0.5

1.3

LRI. GCMS

1589

caryophyllene oxide

-

-

3.0

2.0

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1630

M = 220

0.3

1.1

1.0

0.8

-

-

GCMS

1642

epi-α-cadinol

-

-

2.0

2.4

0.1

0.9

LRI. GCMS

1647

α-muurolol

-

-

2.0

2.9

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1652

α-cadinol

0.3

0.3

-

-

0.1

0.9

LRI. GCMS

1686

germacra-4(15),5, 10(14)-triene-1- α-ol

-

-

1.8

1.5

-

-

LRI. GCMS

1696

shyobunol

-

-

-

-

0.7

0.3

LRI. GCMS

1698

(2Z,6Z)-farnesol

-

-

-

-

-

1.1

LRI. GCMS

Total identified

98.3

98.0

99.0

98.6

97.5

96.9

 

EO extraction yields (%)

3.57

4.8

0.7

0.68

1.87

2.7

 
  1. CMR = Cameroon; LRI = linear retention indices on a HP-5 column; - = not found, tr = trace (relative concentration < 0.1%); EO = essential oil.