Ardisia crispa roots inhibit cyclooxygenase and suppress angiogenesis

Table 1 Quantification of mean vascular density (MVD) following various treatments in mouse sponge implantation assay

Treatment	Mean vascular density (MVD) ± SEM	% inhibition
VEGF	11.17 ± 2.442	-
VEGF + 1% DMSO (vehicle)	7.76 ± 2.348	-
VEGF + licofelone	3.67 ± 0.843^b	67.14
VEGF + ACRH	5.00 ± 0.894^a	55.23
VEGF + QRF	2.83 ± 0.833^b,A	74.66

Data were presented as Mean ± SEM. Values with different superscript letters within the same column are statistically different ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01 compared to control group (VEGF), while ^AP < 0.05 compared to control group (VEGF + 1% DMSO), determined by one-way ANOVA and LSD post-hoc test.

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