CAM use among overweight and obese persons with radiographic knee osteoarthritis

Table 5 Association between BMI level and treatment approaches among people with knee OA

Treatment use	CAM only	Conventional medications only	Both
	Odds ratios
	(95% Confidence intervals)
BMI ≥ 35 kg/m ² versus referent group BMI <25 kg/m ²
Crude	0.48	2.51	1.38
Crude	(0.31–0.73)	(1.55–4.07)	(0.94–2.04)
Socio-demographic adjusted^†	0.50	1.69	1.16
Socio-demographic adjusted^†	(0.28–0.91)	(0.81–3.53)	(0.65–2.09)
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristic adjusted^††	0.47	1.13	0.55
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristic adjusted^††	(0.24–0.92)	(0.47–2.70)	(0.27–1.12)
BMI between 30 and <35 kg/m ² versus referent group BMI <25 kg/m ²
Crude	0.70	1.71	0.94
Crude	(0.50–0.98)	(1.09–2.68)	(0.66–1.34)
Socio-demographic adjusted^†	0.71	1.29	0.71
Socio-demographic adjusted^†	(0.43–1.17)	(0.65–2.57)	(0.41–1.22)
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristic adjusted^††	0.59	0.84	0.38
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristic adjusted^††	(0.34–1.04)	(0.37–1.88)	(0.20–0.73)
BMI between 25 and <30 kg/m ² versus referent group BMI <25 kg/m ²
Crude	0.68	1.29	0.77
Crude	(0.50–0.94)	(0.83–2.01)	(0.55–1.09)
Socio-demographic adjusted^†	0.49	0.78	0.52
Socio-demographic adjusted^†	(0.31–0.80)	(0.39–1.55)	(0.31–0.88)
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristic adjusted^††	0.47	0.75	0.35
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristic adjusted^††	(0.28–0.79)	(0.35–1.63)	(0.19–0.65)

^†Adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, employment status, income, health insurance, prescription drug insurance, and depression.
^††Also adjusted for physical and mental health component scores, KOOS quality of life, WOMAC pain scale, weight at 25 years of age, hip replacement, history of knee surgery, complaints of pain in multiple joints, OARSI severity scale, isometric strength/chair stands, and 20-meter walk.

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