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Table 2 Mutagenic activity expressed by the mean number of revertants/plate ± standard deviation and mutagenicity ratio (in brackets) of the ethanol extract of C. pallida leaves in S. typhimurium strains in the absence (-S9) and in the presence of metabolism (+S9)

From: Estrogenic and mutagenic activities of Crotalaria pallida measured by recombinant yeast assay and Ames test

Extract from Crotalaria pallida leaves

Treatment

TA97a

TA102

Treatment

TA100

Treatment

TA98

mg/plate

-S9

+S9

-S9

+S9

mg/plate

-S9

+S9

mg/plate

-S9

+S9

DMSO

108 ± 4

140 ± 21

170 ± 6

196 ± 10

DMSO

110 ± 0,6

185 ± 6

DMSO

43 ± 2

20 ± 4

0.7

129 ± 14 (12)

177 ± 12 (1.3)

150 ± 24 (0.9)

224 ± 6 (1.1)

0.9

122 ± 2 (1.1)

237 ± 13 (1.3)

1.8

51 ± 0 (1.2)

18 ± 2 (0.9)

1.9

119 ± 4 (1.1)

164 ± 2 (1.2)

143 ± 5 (0.8)

251 ± 5 (1.3)

2.3

106 ± 7 (1.0)

295 ± 51 (1.1)

4.5

65 ± 8 (1.5)

18 ± 1 (0.9)

3.7

109 ± 5 (1.0)

141 ± 5 (1.0)

146 ± 6 (0.9)

275 ± 19 (1.4)

4.5

145 ± 5 (1.3)

203 ± 3 (1.1)

9.0

95 ± 13* (2.2)

17 ± 2 (0.9)

5.6

97 ± 3 (0.9)

134 ± 12 (1.0)

128 ± 5 (0.8)

265 ± 8 (1.4)

6.8

118 ± 6 (1.1)

222 ± 8 (1.2)

13.5

95 ± 22* (2.2)

21 ± 2 (1.0)

7.4

117 ± 6 (1.1)

174 ± 4 (1.2)

194 ± 5 (1.1)

219 ± 2 (1.1)

9.0

83 ± 5 (0.8)

167 ± 36 (0.9)

18.0

77 ±12 (1.8)

19 ± 1 (0.9)

Control +

1488 ± 18a

2253 ± 56b

1720 ± 26c

1168 ± 28d

Control +

1312 ± 60e

1195 ± 157b

Control +

1050 ± 39a

1063 ± 24b

  1. *p < 0.05 (ANOVA); Negative Control: dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO - 100 μL/plate); Positive Control (Control+); a4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (10.0 μg/plate); b2-anthramine (1.25 μg/plate); cmitomycin (0.5 μg/plate); d2-aminofluorene (10.0 μg/plate); esodium azide (1.25 μg/plate).