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Table 7 Serum biochemical findings in rats treated with Dioscorea villosa at a daily dose of 1000 mg/kg for 30 days

From: Bioassay-guided evaluation of Dioscorea villosa – an acute and subchronic toxicity, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory approach

Parameters

FC

FT

R1 Female

MC

MT

R1 Male

Albumin (g/dL)

3.05 ± 0.284

3.33 ± 0.050**

2.6 – 3.4 a

2.75 ± 0.085

3.10 ± 0.122***

2.7 – 3.2 a

ALP (U/L)

35.90 ± 7.325

86.55 ± 15.428***

63 – 138 a

48.20 ± 9.175

92.00 ± 17.356***

79 – 196 a

TGP or ALT (U/L)

36.80 ± 3.765

46.11 ± 5.710***

26 – 60 a

51.10 ± 3.814

53.55 ± 4.825

36 – 58 a

TGO or AST (U/L)

68.90 ± 13.211

84.66 ± 15.851*

83 – 184 a

99.30 ± 24.097

87.78 ± 18.633

81 – 180 a

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.53 ± 0.022

0.49 ± 0.022**

0.4 – 0.7 a

0.45 ± 0.032

0.49 ± 0.027*

0.44 – 0.64 a

GLUC (mg/dL)

128.70 ± 17.827

150.55 ± 9.302**

61 – 147 a

139.70 ± 18.607

146.22 ± 12.163

79 – 144.0 a

K+ (mmol/L)

4.07 ± 0.200

4.755 ± 0.557**

3.7 – 5.7 a

4.86 ± 0.529

5.49 ± 1.128

4.2 – 6.4 a

Na+ (mmol/L)

132.60 ± 0.699

138.55 ± 2.651***

132 - 146 a

132.90 ± 1.197

140.66 ± 2.061***

135 - 144 a

Total Protein (g/dL)

3.50 ± 0.271

6.16 ± 0.212***

6.1 – 7.4 a

3.33 ± 0.125

5.99 ± 0.271

5.4 – 6.6 a

TRIG (mg/dL)

29.20 ± 4.315

31.33 ± 6.633

39 – 130 a

34.70 ± 3.683

30.00 ± 6.422

42 – 160 a

Urea (mg/dL)

41.50 ± 4.972

40.00 ± 4.528

30 – 57 a

36.80 ± 3.293

37.78 ± 2.438

30 – 42 a

Uric acid (mg/dL)

1.83 ± 0.374

1.97 ± 0.630

1.2 – 2.5 a

1.53 ± 0.327

1.60 ± 0.367

0.9 – 2.0 a

Bil.IND (mg/dL)

0.15 ± 0.227

0.06 ± 0.055

0.01 – 0.01 a

0.07 ± 0.005

0.07 ± 0.050

0.01 – 0.01 a

D.Bil (mg/dL)

0.02 ± 0.006

0.10 ± 0.000***

0.01 – 0.03 a

0.02 ± 0.005

0.10 ± 0.000

0.01 – 0.03 a

TBil (mg/dL)

0.10 ± 0.000

0.15 ± 0.055*

0.07 – 0.09 a

0.10 ± 0.000

0.16 ± 0.055

0.07 – 0.09 a

  1. FC (control female), FT (treated female), MC (control male), MT (treated male), N = 10. Data are expressed as mean ± S.D. * Indicate statistical difference between the control and treated group *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 (test t). R1 (reference female); R2 (reference male) a Melo (2012).