Table 1 Comparison of characteristics between HDS users and non-users (n=421)
Characteristics | HDS user (n=189) | Non user (n=232) | χ 2 p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | Â | Â | 0.334 |
  ≤ 60 | 62 (32.8%) | 66 (28.4%) |  |
  > 60 | 127 (67.2%) | 166 (71.6%) |  |
Gender | Â | Â | 0.708 |
  Male | 89 (47.1%) | 105 (45.3%) |  |
  Female | 100 (52.9%) | 127 (54.7%) |  |
Education | Â | Â | 0.862 |
  Less than secondary school | 104 (55.3%) | 130 (56.0%) |  |
  Secondary school | 27 (14.4%) | 40 (17.2%) |  |
  Vocational degree | 14 (7.4%) | 15 (6.5%) |  |
  Undergraduate degree | 34 (18.1%) | 35 (15.1%) |  |
  Higher than undergraduate degree | 9 (4.8%) | 12 (5.2%) |  |
Address | Â | Â | 0.186 |
  Capital city | 60 (31.7%) | 88 (37.9%) |  |
  Rural areas | 129 (68.3%) | 144 (62.1%) |  |
Smoking status | Â | Â | 0.812 |
  Never | 122 (64.6%) | 147 (63.4%) |  |
  Former | 59 (31.2%) | 72 (31.0%) |  |
  Current | 8 (4.2%) | 13 (5.6%) |  |
Alcoholic consumption | Â | Â | 0.080 |
  Never | 119 (63.3%) | 121 (52.4%) |  |
  Former | 60 (31.9%) | 96 (41.5%) |  |
  Current | 9 (4.8%) | 14 (6.1%) |  |
Stages of CKD | Â | Â | 0.936 |
  3 | 133 (70.4%) | 164 (70.7%) |  |
  4 | 49 (25.9%) | 58 (25.0%) |  |
  5 | 7 (3.7%) | 10 (4.3%) |  |
Medication adherence** | Â | 0.015* | |
  Low | 61 (32.3%) | 47 (20.2%) |  |
  Medium | 79 (41.8%) | 122 (52.6%) |  |
  High | 49 (25.9%) | 63 (27.2%) |  |