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Table 4 Effect of long-term storage on antioxidant activity based on β -carotene bleaching model and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of 21 South African medicinal plants

From: Antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory properties of long-term stored medicinal plants

Plant species

Plant part(s)

Antioxidant activity (%) at 200 μg/ml

AChE inhibition (%) at 1.0 mg/ml

Stored

Fresh

Stored

Fresh

Acokanthera oppositifolia δ

Roots

54.7 ± 3.4 ns

40.0 ± 7.71

81.0 ± 12.11 ns

80.5 ± 1.99

Artemisia afra #

Aerial parts

45.8 ± 3.34 ns

39.8 ± 4.94

83.2 ± 2.28 ns

89.6 ± 7.44

Artemisia afra δ

Aerial parts

44.4 ± 7.20 ns

39.8 ± 4.94

89.8 ± 0.57 ns

89.6 ± 7.45

Buddleja salviifolia #

Leaves

39.1 ± 7.69 ns

58.3 ± 3.04

64.9 ± 11.42 ns

72.5 ± 10.17

Buddleja salviifolia #

Twigs

58.0 ± 3.92 ns

53.8 ± 8.22

73.0 ± 15.63 ns

63.9 ± 4.05

Clausena anisata #

Leaves & Twigs

23.6 ± 4.06 ns

49.8 ± 11.19

77.0 ± 6.86 ns

82.2 ± 3.74

Cussonia spicata #

Leaves

55.7 ± 6.45 ns

41.8 ± 4.70

72.1 ± 12.6 ns

86.5 ± 5.56

Dombeya rotundifolia #

Leaves

51.8 ± 4.13 ns

58.9 ± 1.40

84.1 ± 5.54 ns

87.6 ± 2.88

Ekebergia capensis δ

Leaves & Twigs

93.5 ± 7.05 **

52.1 ± 4.97

73.8 ± 7.24 ns

89.7 ± 6.08

Leonotis intermedia δ

Leaves

32.6 ± 5.34 *

52.9 ± 4.09

68.8 ± 3.12 *

87.8 ± 3.83

Leonotis leonurus δ

Leaves

40.8 ± 2.32 ns

58.6 ± 7.13

78.1 ± 3.67 ns

73.2 ± 0.43

Merwilla plumbea δ

Bulbs

57.0 ± 6.42 ns

45.1 ± 4.06

58.7 ± 6.52 ns

81.5 ± 2.11

Ocotea bullata δ

Bark

57.8 ± 7.33 ns

62.3 ± 8.83

84.8 ± 3.98 ns

87.1 ± 2.63

Olea europaea #

Leaves

48.8 ± 2.84 ns

48.2 ± 0.59

69.2 ± 5.99 ns

85.4 ± 3.39

Pittosporum viridiflorum #

Leaves & Twigs

62.9 ± 6.65 ns

39.1 ± 6.80

96.2 ± 0.71 ns

70.5 ± 8.36

Plumbago auriculata δ

Leaves

62.2 ± 10.87 ns

52.8 ± 1.99

82.3 ± 5.54 ns

87.3 ± 2.20

Protorhus longifolia δ

Leaves

90.9 ± 8.88 ns

72.9 ± 2.62

51.8 ± 9.07 ns

40.07 ± 2.60

Solanum mauritianum δ

Leaves

38.9 ± 10.07 ns

49.4 ± 4.92

78.5 ± 5.84 ns

85.9 ± 3.94

Spirostachys africana #

Leaves & Twigs

62.1 ± 4.40 ns

58.3 ± 3.24

90.4 ± 5.57 ns

82.4 ± 3.51

Synadenium cupulare δ

Leaves

54.5 ± 5.06 ns

45.3 ± 2.04

75.3 ± 4.07 ns

81.1 ± 2.77

Tetradenia riparia δ

Leaves

67.2 ± 4.89 ns

64.5 ± 8.38

80.8 ± 1.73 *

65.4 ± 4.85

Trichilia dregeana #

Leaves & Twigs

65.2 ± 7.46 ns

50.6 ± 8.81

94.8 ± 2.82 *

81.1 ± 3.99

Ziziphus mucronata #

Leaves

54.5 ± 3.65 ns

42.6 ± 6.62

84.8 ± 6.78 ns

87.2 ± 10.04

Ziziphus mucronata δ

Leaves

24.1 ± 11.13 ns

42.6 ± 6.62

90.4 ± 4.09 ns

87.2 ± 10.04

Galanthamine

   

84.1 ± 1.45

  

Butylated hydroxytoluene

 

94.5 ± 1.71

   
  1. ns = not significant; P = 0.05 (*); P = 0.01 (**); P = 0.001 (***).
  2. δ = Plant material stored for 16 years.
  3. # = Plant material stored for 12 years.
  4. Galanthamine (20 μM) was used as a positive control in acetylcholinesterase assay.