Ingredients of Huangqi decoction slow biliary fibrosis progression by inhibiting the activation of the transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway

Table 3 The average integration optic density (IOD) values of positive staining areas of α-SMA, Alb, CK 7, and TGFβ1 in liver tissues (mean ± S.D.)

group	n	α-SMA	Alb	CK 7	TGFβ1
sham control group	8	0.02 ± 0.01##	0.53 ± 0.03##	0.00 ± 0.00##	0.03 ± 0.01##
1 week BDL alone group	8	0.03 ± 0.01##	0.34 ± 0.02**##	0.06 ± 0.02**##	0.07 ± 0.02*##
2 week BDL alone group	8	0.06 ± 0.01**##	0.30 ± 0.02**##	0.10 ± 0.02**##	0.11 ± 0.03**##
3 week BDL alone group	8	0.14 ± 0.02**##	0.24 ± 0.02**##	0.16 ± 0.02**##	0.15 ± 0.03**##
4 week BDL alone group	8	0.27 ± 0.03**##	0.19 ± 0.02**##	0.19 ± 0.01**	0.17 ± 0.02**
5 week BDL alone group	10	0.36 ± 0.03**	0.14 ± 0.02**	0.21 ± 0.02**	0.20 ± 0.02**
IHQD group	14	0.11 ± 0.02**##	0.28 ± 0.01**##	0.15 ± 0.02**##	0.15 ± 0.03**##

Note: Compared with sham control group, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; compared with 5 week BDL alone group, #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01. α-SMA α-smooth muscle actin, Alb albumin, CK 7 cytokeratin 7, TGFβ1 transforming growth factor β1

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