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Figure 8 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Figure 8

From: Chotosan ameliorates cognitive and emotional deficits in an animal model of type 2 diabetes: possible involvement of cholinergic and VEGF/PDGF mechanisms in the brain

Figure 8

Effects of CTS and THA on VEGF expression in the retinal tissue in db/db mice. The retinal tissues were obtained from the animals perfused with paraformaldehyde as described in the text. The arrows a, b, c, and d represent pigment epithelium, outer segments, inner segments, and outer plexiform layers, respectively. VEGF-positive portions were identified by VEGF immunostaining. Photos 1, 2, 3, and 4 were from the retinal tissues of m/m control, vehicle-treated db/db, CTS (750 mg/kg per day)-treated db/db, and THA (2.5 mg/kg per day)-treated db/db group, respectively. Arrows a, b, c, and d represent pigment epithelium, outer segments, inner segments, and outer plexiform layer, respectively.

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