Skip to main content

Table 2 Extract properties a

From: In Vitro efficacy of antimicrobial extracts against the atypical ruminant pathogen Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri

Extract

Manufacturer

Concentration (mg/mL)b

Solvent

Additional componentsc

Astragalus-Aq

N/A

100

Water

None

Astragalus-ETOH

N/A

100

95% ethanol

None

Astragalus-Com

Gaia Herbs

500

50% ethanol

None

Goldenseal-Aq

N/A

100

Water

None

Goldenseal-ETOH

N/A

100

95% ethanol

None

Goldenseal-Com

Gaia Herbs

10d

65% ethanol

None

Elderberry-G

Gaia Herbs

380

Water

C12H22O11, Acerola extract

Elderberry-365

365 Everyday Value

100

Water

C3H8O3, C6H7KO2

Oregano-LE

Gaia Herbs

333

65% ethanol

None

Oregano oil

North American Herb and Spice

1667

Olive oil

None

Thyme

Nature’s Answer

1000

15% ethanol

C3H8O3

Calendula

Eclectic Institute

945

Olive oil

None

Colloidal silver

Source Naturals

0.03

Water

None

  1. aAbbreviations: N/A (not applicable/extracts produced for this study); Aq (aqueous extract); ETOH (ethanol extract); Com (commercial extract); LE (leaf extract).
  2. bStarting concentrations are those reported for commercial products, and were not normalized to maximize relevance to common use practices.
  3. cRole of additional components: C12H22O11 (sucrose)-sweetener; C3H8O3 (glycerol)-texture, sweetener; C6H7KO2 (potassium sorbate)-antifungal preservative; Acerola extract-ascorbic acid supplementation, anti-inflammatory properties, additional antimicrobial properties28.
  4. dConcentration reported by the manufacturer refers to total alkaloids rather than plant material.