Table 2 In vitro antifungal activity of the ten natural compounds against oral Candida isolates at 24 h (%, v/v)*.
From: In vitro activities of natural products against oral Candida isolates from denture wearers
Species (No. of isolates) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Candida albicans (10) | Candida glabrata (10) | Candida tropicalis (10) | Candida guilliermondii (5) | Candida parapsilosis (1) | Candida dubliniensis (1) | Candida krusei (1) | All Candida (38) | ||
Carvacrol | MIC range | 0.12-0.5 | 0.12-0.25 | 0.06-0.25 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.03-0.5 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.25/0.5 | 0.12/0.25 | 0.12/0.25 | 0.25/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.25/0.25 | |
GM MIC | 0.286 | 0.173 | 0.151 | 0.250 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.187 | |
MFC90 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
Eugenol | MIC range | 0.06-0.25 | 0.03-0.25 | 0.06-0.12 | 0.06-0.25 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.03-0.25 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.12/0.25 | 0.06/0.25 | 0.06/0.12 | 0.06/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.06/0.25 | |
GM MIC | 0.122 | 0.080 | 0.079 | 0.106 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.092 | |
MFC90 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | |
Farnesol | MIC range | 8 | 0.12-0.5 | 0.5-8 | 0.25-8 | 4 | 0.25 | 8 | 0.12-8 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 8/8 | 0.25/0.5 | 8/8 | 8/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 8/8 | |
GM MIC | 8 | 0.267 | 6.063 | 4 | 4 | 0.25 | 8 | 2.487 | |
MFC90 | > 8 | > 8 | > 8 | - | - | - | - | 8 | |
Geraniol | MIC range | 0.06-0.12 | 0.03-0.12 | 0.03-0.06 | 0.06-0.12 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.03-0.12 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.12/0.12 | 0.06/0.12 | 0.03/0.06 | 0.06/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.06/0.12 | |
GM MIC | 0.097 | 0.060 | 0.042 | 0.079 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.065 | |
MFC90 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | - | - | - | - | 0.25 | |
Linalool | MIC range | 0.03-0.25 | 0.03-0.12 | 0.06-0.25 | 0.06-0.12 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03-0.25 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.12/0.25 | 0.06/0.12 | 0.06/0.25 | 0.06/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.06/0.25 | |
GM MIC | 0.141 | 0.064 | 0.086 | 0.079 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.085 | |
MFC90 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | |
Menthol | MIC range | 0.25-0.5 | 0.12-0.5 | 0.06-0.12 | 0.12-0.25 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.06-0.5 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.25/0.5 | 0.12/0.5 | 0.12/0.12 | 0.12/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.12/0.25 | |
GM MIC | 0.287 | 0.185 | 0.112 | 0.161 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.170 | |
MFC90 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
Menthone | MIC range | 0.12-4 | 0.06-2 | 0.06-1 | 0.25-1 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 1 | 0.06-4 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.25/2 | 0.12/0.5 | 0.06/0.5 | 0.25/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.25/1 | |
GM MIC | 0.534 | 0.229 | 0.113 | 0.435 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 1 | 0.260 | |
MFC90 | 8 | 4 | 8 | - | - | - | - | 8 | |
Terpinen-4-ol | MIC range | 0.06-0.5 | 0.06-0.12 | 0.06-0.12 | 0.06-0.25 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.06-0.5 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.12/0.5 | 0.12/0.12 | 0.06/0.06 | 0.12/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.12/0.5 | |
GM MIC | 0.213 | 0.097 | 0.064 | 0.140 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.112 | |
MFC90 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | |
α-terpineol | MIC range | 0.12-0.5 | 0.12-0.25 | 0.06-0.25 | 0.12-0.5 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.06-0.5 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.25/0.5 | 0.25/0.25 | 0.25/0.25 | 0.25/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 0.25/0.5 | |
GM MIC | 0.307 | 0.186 | 0.201 | 0.248 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.210 | |
MFC90 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
Tyrosol | MIC range | 1-8 | 0.5-8 | 0.5-8 | 1-8 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0.5-8 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 1/8 | 4/8 | 4/8 | 8/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 4/8 | |
GM MIC | 2.462 | 3.249 | 3.482 | 3.482 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2.934 | |
MFC90 | 8 | > 8 | > 8 | - | - | - | - | 8 | |
Fluconazole* | MIC range | 0.25-0.5 | 0.5-32 | 0.25-2 | 2-16 | 1 | 0.12 | 64 | 0.25-32 |
MIC50/MIC90 | 0.5/0.5 | 8/16 | 1/2 | 2/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | 1/16 | |
GM MIC | 0.435 | 6.063 | 0.812 | 4.595 | 1 | 0.12 | 64 | 1.576 | |
MFC90 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |