Table 1 Properties of Unani plants used in this study
Family | Common name1/2 | Botanical name | Parts used | Uses | Class of compound | Name of compound |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capparidaceae | Dog mustard/Hurhur | Cleome icosandra | Seed3, leaves, flower | It is vata and kapha suppressant, a good pain reliever, also a good antibacterial and antiwormal, reduces pus formation in the wounds, helpful in convulsions, has a good effect on digestive tract and improves indigestion condition in the body, increases sweating in the body | Coumarino-lignans | Cleomiscosin A, C, |
Rosaceae | Golap/Gulab | Rosa damascena | Petals3 | Gulkhand made by the mixture of rose petals and white sugar in equal proportion act as the tonic and laxative, used as herbal tea in the treatment of cold and cough | Components of Essential oil Flavonol and their glycosides Flavonoid | Citronellol, Geraniol, Linalool etc. Glycosides of Kaempferol and Quercetin Quercetin, Kaempferol |
Cyperaceae | Umbrella's edge/Nagarmotha | Cyperus scariosus | Root3 | Intestinal disorders, astringent, diaphoretic, diuretic, desiccant, cordial, and stomachic properties, treatment of gonorrhea | Essential Oils | Some volatile compounds reported till date from the oil are atchoulanol, selina-4, etc. |
Rubiaceae | Gummy gardenia/Dikamali | Gardenia gummifera | Resin3 | Kapha skin disease, indigestion, worm infestation, diarrhea and infections, the resin has antiseptic property | Flavonoids, Flavone Seco-cycloartenol derivatives | Gardenin E Dikmaliartanes |
Pinaceae | Himalayan fir/Dodimma | Abies pindrow | Bark3, leaves, trunk | Disorders with inflammatory system | Proanthocyanidins | Potential rich sources up to 5% of bark weight |
Valerianaceae | Gilgiti valerian/Ganeshpawrobati | Valeriana wallichii | Roots3 | Antisplasmodic, stimulant, calmative and stomachic, useful in diseases of eye and liver, used as a remedy for hysteria, hypochondriasis, nervous unrest and emotional arrest, also useful in clearing voice and acts as a stimulant in advance stage of fever and nervous disorder | Essential oil and volatile oil Iridous | 0.3-1% volatile oil content Valtrate, didrovaltrate, acetovaltate, etc. |
Apocynaceae | Tellycherry bark/Kurchi | Holarrhena antidysenterica | Bark3 | The bark is used as an astringent, anthelmintic, antidontalgic, stomachic, febrifuge, antidropsical, diuretic, in piles, colic, dyspepsia, chest affections and as a remedy in diseases of the skin and spleen, use as a well-known drug for amoebic dysentery and other gastric disorders | Poly-phenolics Plant sterols | β-sitosterol |
Asteraceae | Pellitory/Akarkara | Anacyclus pyrethrum | Root3 | Stimulant, sialogogue, and rubefacient properties | Glycosides Phenolic acids Lignans | Flavone glycosides Chlorogenic acid Sesamin |
Orchidaceae | Orchid/Salebpanja | Orchis mascula | Flower, tuber3 | Tonic, aphrodisiac, yield a lot of mucilage with water and form a jelly that is supposed to be nutritious and useful in diarrhea, dysentery, and chronic fever | Bitter principle and a volatile oil | Â |
Asphodelaceae | Onion weed/Jangli pyaz | Asphodelus tenuifolius | Bulb3, seed | As diuretic and on inflammation | Flavonoid | Luteolin and its glycosides |