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Figure 1 | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Figure 1

From: Momordica charantia (bitter melon) inhibits primary human adipocyte differentiation by modulating adipogenic genes

Figure 1

Cytotoxicity of bitter melon juice in human predaipocytes and adipocytes. Higher concentrations of BMJ, 5% and 10%, significantly increased LDH release and reduced total ATP levels in both, differentiating preadipocytes and adipocytes. Lower concentrations of BMJ, 0.5% to 2%, did not affect cell viability or cell proliferation in either differentiating preadipocytes or adipocytes. (A) LDH release and (B) cellular ATP levels in preadipocytes treated with BMJ during differentiation. Similarly, LDH release and cellular ATP levels in adipocytes treated with BMJ for 48 h, is depicted in Figures 1D and 1E, respectively. Values represent the mean ± SE (n = 6) of three independent experiments conducted in duplicate. a, b, c, dMean values with common letters do not differ (p < 0.05).

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